Nyungwe Forest National Park is a vital protected conservation in Rwanda, situated in Rusizi District Southern Province. Covering approximately 1,019 square kilometers (633.7 sq. miles), it is part of the Albertine Rift Valley. The park was officially designated in 2004 to safeguard a diverse range of wildlife in Nyungwe forest including 13 primate species within Nyungwe Forest.
The Rwanda Development Board (RDB) reports that a section of Nyungwe known as Cyamudongo forest, had been affected by encroachment. The communities surrounding the park are among the most densely populated in Rwanda, with roughly 1,000 people per square kilometer. This high population density has led to significant pressure on natural resources, including activities such as hunting for bushmeat, collecting firewood and charcoal, gathering medicinal plants, and water extraction.
Consequently, species like forest elephants and Congo buffaloes faced extinction within the park due to poaching activities. To improve the management and conservation of Nyungwe Forest, RDB formed a long-term partnership with the African Parks Network (APN) in 2020. This collaboration aims to strengthen park protection, promote conservation efforts, and support local communities. Environmental clubs involving over 6,000 members and 1,000 children have been established to actively participate in park management and conservation initiatives.
Vegetation in the park
Nyungwe is an afro-montane tropical forest characterized by an altitude that ranges from 1,600m to 2,950m above sea level. This variation in elevation results in diverse vegetation across the park. At medium altitude around 1,800 meters, bamboo stands are prevalent, while at lower altitudes, open papyrus swamp and grasslands can be found. the majority of the area consists of dense forest with trees and shrubs intertwined together. The forest contains 1,068 plant species of which 137 are Albertine rift endemics according to the African Parks database. There are endangered hardwood tree species such as brown Mahogany and Entandrophragma which can grow up to 45 meters tall. Additionally, Nyungwe is home to Gastrodia Rwandese’s, a distinctive flowering plant endemic to Rwanda that does not rely on photosynthesis; instead, it derives nutrients by feeding on fungi.
Wildlife in Nyungwe
Nyungwe Forest National Park is a home to 13 primate species including chimpanzees, golden monkeys, Hamlyn’s monkeys, owl-faced monkeys, gray cheeked mangabeys, L’hoest monkeys, and dwarf galago. Other primate found here include blue monkeys, red-tailed monkeys, velvet monkeys and olive baboons. The park is also home to 75 mammal species including leopards, giant forest hogs, forest elephants, bushbucks, klipspringers, black-fronted duikers, Congo clawless, blotched serval, buffaloes, western tree hyrax, impalas, golden cats, carnival genet, mongoose, giant forest hogs, otters and more. Spotting these mammals in Nyungwe is difficult, but chances are higher for those intending to hike into the deeper parts of the forest.
Birds in Nyungwe Forest National Park
Approximately 310 bird species rive within the diverse habitats of Nyungwe National Park, including Albertine Rift endemics and resident birds. The birding tours in Nyungwe highlights several notable species such as archer’s robin chat, Doherty bush shrike, Rwenzori nightjars, white-bellied robin chat, Rockefeller’s sunbirds, red-throated lathe, Kivu ground thrush, cinnamon chested bee-eaters, red-faced woodland warblers, blue-headed sunbirds, Neumann’s warblers, red-collared mountain babblers, Grauer’s rush warblers, Great blue turacos, strange weavers, and chested Kakamega among others
Things to do in Nyungwe Forest National Park
Chimpanzee tracking
Chimpanzee tracking in Rwanda is most rewarding in Nyungwe Forest, which is home to approximately 400 chimpanzees living across various clans. The park is home to only two chimpanzee groups habituated for tourism activities. Tracking chimpanzees in Nyungwe involves navigating through the dense forest in search of these intelligent creatures within their natural environment. Chimpanzee trekking in Nyungwe forest National Park starts in the morning with a briefing about the chimps tracking rules and regulations, expectations and carryon items. And thereafter, you’ll be allocated an armed ranger guide and a chimp family.
During the chimpanzee tracking, you’ll also have the chance to spot other creatures that call the park home such as rare owl faced monkeys, golden monkeys, Angola colobus monkeys, stunning butterflies as well as different bird species. When you locate the chimpanzees, you are allowed a maximum of one hour to observe their daily behaviors, including grooming, playing, and feeding, and to capture photographs.
Canopy Walk
Canopy walking is an exciting new activity at Nyungwe Forest National Park. It is the first of its kind in East Africa, offering visitors a unique perspective of the rainforest. The journey begins on the Igishigishigi trail, allowing guests to enjoy breathtaking views of the lush forest, spot various bird species, and experience the natural beauty of the area from above.
Hiking
Nyungwe National Park offers visitors the chance to fully immerse themselves in its stunning natural surroundings. Hiking opportunities are available on the numerous walking trails. Nyungwe hiking trails include Bigugu, Ngabwe, Congo Nile divide, Muzimu Trail, Rukuzi Trail, Buhoro, Igishigishigi, Irebero, Imbaraga Trail, Umuyove, Umugote, Isumo and Kamiranzovu marsh trail. The hikes can last from one hour to full day hikes depending on the one you choose.
Mangabey monkey tracking
Mangabeys belong to the old-world monkeys and are an endangered species endemic to Africa. There are two subspecies distinguished by physical features: the crested mangabeys and the white-eyelid mangabeys. However, all species have a tail longer than their bodies. Nyungwe forest in particular has a considerable population of Gray cheeked mangabeys. Locally known as ‘the ones with thin waists’, they’re recognized by their calls which can be heard at a distance of 1km. These calls typically occur when they are congregated in troops ranging from 10 to 40 individuals. For those interested in tracking the mangabeys in Nyungwe, the activity starts at Uwinka Visitor Center at 9:00 am. It is advisable to make a reservation in advance to ensure participation.
Where to stay while on a safari in Nyungwe Forest National Park
When planning to embark on a night walking safari in Nyungwe Forest National Park, visitors have a range of accommodation options to choose from. These options cater to different preferences and budgets, including luxury resorts, mid-range hotels, and budget-friendly guesthouses. Some notable places to stay include One& Only Nyungwe House, Mantis Kivu Manna Bay Hotel, Ear Ken Brahma Guesthouse, Nyungwe Hill View Hotel, Keza Nyungwe Lodge, Nyungwe Top View Hill Hotel, Chimpanzee lodge, Nyungwe Nzisa Ecolodge, Rebert Kivu Resort, Gisakura guesthouse hotel and Kitabi Eco-center among others
Nyungwe Forest National Park is a true gem of Africa, offering a unique blend of biodiversity, stunning scenery, and adventure opportunities. With its ancient rainforest, diverse wildlife, and picturesque landscapes, Nyungwe is a must-visit destination for nature lovers, bird enthusiasts, and adventure seekers.
Whether you’re trekking through the forest, spotting rare birds, or simply taking in the breathtaking views, Nyungwe Forest National Park is an unforgettable experience. Its rich cultural heritage and importance in conservation efforts make it a truly special place.
Visit Nyungwe Forest National Park and discover the beauty and wonder of Rwanda’s natural heritage.
